What was the primary goal of the deinstitutionalization movement?

The primary goal of the deinstitutionalization movement was to integrate persons with disabilities into society. This movement emerged in the mid-20th century as a response to the often inhumane conditions found in large institutions and mental hospitals. Advocates sought to dismantle these institutions and promote community-based living, where individuals with disabilities could receive support and care within their own communities.

This integration was grounded in the belief that individuals with disabilities have the right to live, work, and participate in society alongside their non-disabled peers. The movement aimed not only to improve the quality of life for individuals with disabilities but also to reduce stigma and foster acceptance within society.

In contrast, the other options focus on different aspects of social policy and rights. Providing free education addresses the educational rights of children, assessing cognitive abilities relates to evaluating individual capabilities, and enforcing nondiscriminatory treatment pertains to employment practices—all important issues, but not directly aligned with the primary focus of deinstitutionalization, which was integration into society.